The origins of judicial review -- Federal jurisdiction -- Sources of national authority -- The federal commerce power -- Federal power to tax and spend -- International affairs -- The President and Congress : selected issues -- The commerce clause and restrictions on state regulatory powers -- Article VI & IV issues : preemption & comity -- Substantive due process -- State action -- Procedural due process : the requirement of fair adjudicative procedures -- Equal protection -- Congressional enforcement of civil rights -- Freedom of speech -- Freedom of religion.